assignment 1 Essay

assignment 1 Essay assignment 1 Essay Consulting Contract Tyneca M. Allen Dr. Chuks Agada HRM 568 April 26, 2015 Create a consulting contract that defines the boundaries of your analysis and objectives of the project. To survive in today’s competitive marketplace, hospitals are faced with the challenge of becoming more market driven: they must identify and satisfy the needs of their customers in a manner superior to that of other hospitals offering competitive services. Understanding the nature of this new focus on competition has become a matter of life or death for many hospitals because of the rapidly changing nature of the healthcare environment (Pinto, 1990). In order to better create the conditions for the successful development and introduction of these new programs and services, a variety of management and healthcare professionals must maintain effective and supportive work relationships (Pinto, 1990). Successful implementation of new healthcare services often requires the creation of hospital project teams and the joint efforts and combined expertise of a variety of relevant functional departments (Pinto, 1990). Project teams must to be effective in the following areas to impr ove their productivity goals. Healthcare marketing personnel are responsible for targeting appropriate market segments, developing marketing strategies, and creating promotional campaigns. Finance and administrative members often oversee concerns related to cost minimization and maintaining peak levels of efficiency and usage of the new service. Finally, physicians, nurses, and members of ancillary support departments have an equally large stake in the success of a new hospital program. They can ensure that the new service is technically adequate and provides the type of health benefit that potential customers in the marketplace have a right to expect (Pinto, 1990). First, we must establish a collaborative relationship with the project teams. Second, solve the problems of ineffective productivity and providing patient information in a timely way, so they stay solved. Third, ensure attention is given to both the technical/business problem and the relationships with the project teams (Block, 2011). The objectives are to improve the teamwork of the different department staff for better productivity and providing patient information. Explain the kinds of information you seek and your role in the project. The cooperation of the project teams to better analyze and resolve the situation is crucial. They are expected to be responsive and provide the assistance needed to solve the problem (Block, 2011). The consultant will gather the information needed for problem analysis and decide what methods of data collection and analysis to use (Block, 2011). Goals have long been viewed as important to organizational and project team effectiveness. Goals often represent the driving force behind individual activity in an organizational setting. Although a variety of goals exist in each organization and, indeed, within every individual, one frequently overlooked type important to the study of cross-functional cooperation is a superordinate goal. Sherif (1962), originally introduced the notion of the superordinate goal and demonstrated its usefulness for enhancing cooperation and minimizing conflict among group or team membe rs. Superordinate goals are defined as goals that are urgent and compelling for all groups involved, but whose attainment requires the resources and efforts of more than one group (Sherif, 1962). The essence of Sherif's theory is that competitive goals cause intergroup conflict, but superordinate goals give rise to intergroup cooperation. In this study, superordinate goals were defined as an overriding purpose, goal, or set of goals that is shared by all members of the project team. Information needed to analysis the project team would be rules and procedures that are in place. What are the channels each team has to go through to meet

Why the Water in a Nuclear Reactor Glows Blue

Why the Water in a Nuclear Reactor Glows Blue In science fiction movies, nuclear reactors and nuclear materials always glow. While movies use special effects, the glow is based on scientific fact. For example, the water surrounding nuclear reactors actually does glow bright blue! How does it work? Its due to the phenomenon called Cherenkov Radiation. Cherenkov Radiation Definition What is Cherenkov radiation? Essentially, its like a sonic boom, except with light instead of sound. Cherenkov radiation is defined as the electromagnetic radiation emitted when a charged particle moves through a dielectric medium faster than the velocity of light in the medium. The effect is also called Vavilov-Cherenkov radiation or Cerenkov radiation. Its named after Soviet physicist Pavel Alekseyevich Cherenkov, who received the 1958 Nobel Prize in Physics, together with Ilya Frank and Igor Tamm, for experimental confirmation of the effect. Cherenkov had first noticed the effect in 1934, when a bottle of water exposed to radiation glowed with blue light. Although not observed until the 20th century and not explained until Einstein proposed his theory of special relativity, Cherenkov radiation had been predicted by English polymath Oliver Heaviside as theoretically possible in 1888. How Cherenkov Radiation Works The speed of light in a vacuum in a constant (c), yet the speed at which light travels through a medium is less than c, so its possible for particles to travel through the medium faster than light, yet still slower than the speed of light. Usually, the particle in question is an electron. When an energetic electron passes through a dielectric medium, the electromagnetic field is disrupted and electrically polarized. The medium can only react so quickly, though, so there is a disturbance or coherent shockwave left in the wake of the particle. One interesting feature of Cherenkov radiation is that its mostly in the ultraviolet spectrum, not bright blue, yet it forms a continuous spectrum (unlike emission spectra, which have spectral peaks). Why Water in a Nuclear Reactor Is Blue As Cherenkov radiation passes through the water, the charged particles travel faster than light can through that medium. So, the light you see has a higher frequency (or shorter wavelength) than the usual wavelength. Because there is more light with a short wavelength, the light appears blue. But, why is there any light at all? Its because the fast-moving charged particle excites the electrons of the water molecules. These electrons absorb energy and release it as photons (light) as they return to equilibrium. Ordinarily, some of these photons would cancel each other out (destructive interference), so you wouldnt see a glow. But, when the particle travels faster than light can travel through the water, the shock wave produces constructive interference that you see as a glow. Use of Cherenkov Radiation Cherenkov radiation is good for more than just making your water glow blue in a nuclear lab. In a pool-type reactor, the amount of blue glow can be used to gauge the radioactivity of spent fuel rods. The radiation is used in particle physics experiments to help identify the nature of the particles being examined. It is used in medical imaging and to label and trace biological molecules to better understand chemical pathways. Cherenkov radiation is produced when cosmic rays and charged particles interact with the Earths atmosphere, so detectors are used to measure these phenomena, to detect neutrinos, and to study gamma-ray-emitting astronomical objects, such as supernova remnants. Fun Facts About Cherenkov Radiation Cherenkov radiation can occur in a vacuum, not just in a medium like water. In a vacuum, the phase velocity of a wave decreases, yet the charged particle velocity remains closer to (yet less than) the speed of light. This has a practical application, as it is used to produce high power microwaves.If relativistic charged particles strike the vitreous humor of the human eye, flashes of Cherenkov radiation may be seen. This can occur from exposure to cosmic rays or in a nuclear criticality accident.